University of Northern Iowa

Anthropology

Archaeology (the study of ancient human culture) and ethnology (the study of recent and living people) are the two major sections in the anthropology collection.

The archaeological collection comes from North and West Africa, the Middle East, Western Europe, the Andes, Mesoamerica, the Great Plains, and the Great Basin areas.

The ethnographic collection includes artifacts from the Andes, Amazon, Mesoamerica, Circum-Caribbean, East and Southeast Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, West Africa, Melanesia, and Polynesia.

Displaying 2001 - 2100 of 7429
Cat. # Name Description
2001 1969.3.2 Model Watermelon stand. One of a series entitled " People at Work."
2002 1969.3.21 Model Teacher and pupil. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2003 1969.3.22 Model Cooking chow. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2004 1969.3.23 Model Split bamboo coolie pole. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2005 1969.3.24 Model Boat from Dragon Boat Festival. One of a series entitled " People at Work."
2006 1969.3.25 Model Fisherman. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2007 1969.3.26 Model Sampan. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2008 1969.3.27 Model Sampan. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2009 1969.3.28 Model Fishing with dip-net. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2010 1969.3.29 Model Small junk. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2011 1969.3.30 Model Transporting geese by sampan. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2012 1969.3.3 Model Jin-li-ch'e. One of a series entitled " People at Work."
2013 1969.3.31 Model Balance scales. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2014 1969.3.32 Model Farmer dragging land. " People at Work."
2015 1969.3.33 Model Small junk. One of a series entitled " People at work."
2016 1969.3.34 Model Carrying chair. One of a series entitled " People at Work."
2017 1969.3.35 Model Sampan with passenger. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2018 1969.3.36 Model Hulling rice, wooden. People at work.
2019 1969.3.37 Model Plowing with water buffalo, One of a series entitled " People at Work."
2020 1969.3.38 Model Memorial gate. One of a series entitled " People at work."
2021 1969.3.39 Model Carrying coal, wooden. People at work.
2022 1969.3.4 Model Wheelbarrow. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2023 1969.3.40 Model Well-loaded wheelbarrow. One of a series entitled "People at work."
2024 1969.3.41 Model Swinging. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2025 1969.3.42 Model Transient cobbler. One of a series entitled " People at work."
2026 1969.3.43 Model Weaving. One of a series entitled "People at work."
2027 1969.3.44 Model Taking pigs to market. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2028 1969.3.45 Model Pagoda. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2029 1969.3.46 Model Sawing logs into boards. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2030 1969.3.47 Model Fluffing cotton. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2031 1969.3.48 Model Spinning thread. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2032 1969.3.49 Model Dipnet fishing. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2033 1969.3.50 Model Flying kite, wooden. People at work.
2034 1969.3.5 Model Wedding chair for bride. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2035 1969.3.51 Model Hauling coal on wheelbarrow. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2036 1969.3.52 Model Fanmill for cleaning rice. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2037 1969.3.53 Model Wheelbarrow express. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2038 1969.3.54 Model Farmer driving water buffalo. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2039 1969.3.55 Model Priest praying for dead. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2040 1969.3.56 Model Delivering bamboo shoots. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2041 1969.3.6 Model Blacksmiths. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2042 1969.3.7 Model Checker game. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2043 1969.3.8 Model Ironing with charcoal. One of a series entitled " People at Work."
2044 1969.3.9 Model Gate in great wall. One of a series entitled "People at Work."
2045 1969.37.0001 Purse Drawstring closing. Flower-like tooled design in basic geometric design. Red and black lacing. Color: RD,BK 1969.37.0001 (Purse) image
2046 1969.37.2 Textile Rectangular textile with white warp with white weft with intermittent red & black warp thread. 9" bands sewn together. 1969.37.2 (Textile) image
2047 1970.0039 Sherd, pottery Irregular in shape. Color: GY
2048 1970.28 Hat Stiff natural color felt hat the band is hand-decorated with multi-colored wool yarn machine stitched to bands of white, magenta and black cotton or wool fabric (white near bottom of band and black at top). Piece of white band with yarn design extending from top to bottom of band one one side with pink, green, and white fluffy cotton ornament on brim below it. Three tags on hat iside "Artesaias del Peru, handmade in Peru", "P20-1088" and "6 P-6, $24.95". Hat is conspicuously machine-stitched throughout. Edge of brim is curled and has a blue and a green yarn strip around it with a zig-zag red & green strip between them. Women wear bowler hats like these all over Peru. The trend started in the 1920s when a shipment was sent to Bolivia from Europe to be worn by the people that were working on the railroads but because they were too small they were given to the indigenous people across South America.
2049 1970.35.1 Tray Woven on wooden strips. Designed with a center of blue-black, lavender and blue-green stripes radiating from a natural colored center and around that zig-zags of purple, lavender and blue-green weaving. Rim of the tray is a forest green. Color: GY,BL,LV,GR
2050 1970.35.11 Bowl Blue-green leaves and brown "flowers" painted on the inside. Brown raffia weaving covers the outside. Color: BL-GR, BR 1970.35.11 (Bowl) image
2051 1970.35.2 Flute Made of two reeds bound together with cords. Each reed has six holes.
2052 1970.38.0003 Shawl Hand-embroidered, silk. White with deep white fringe. Color: WH
2053 1970.38.1 Box Lacquered. Brown outside and black inside. Painted in gold on the lid is an Oriental garden scene. Color: BR,BK
2054 1970.38.2 Shawl Hand-embroidered, silk. White with deep white fringe. The embroidered design is not a repeated one.
2055 1970.38.5 Case, perfume Hand-carved, possibly olive wood. Resembles an egg cup.
2056 1970.41.3.0097 Point, projectile None
2057 1970.55.0004 Tabla Tabla; hand tapped. Color: RD-OR
2058 1970.55.1 Ashtray Converted from anklet. Tapped silver lined with brass.
2059 1970.55.2 Model, architecture Of the Taj Mahal, Agra, India. Many pieces.
2060 1970.55.5 Drum Two pieces. a. Drum, (tabla). Silver color. b. Mallet, silver-colored. [b moved to CS 238 8 on 6/3/15]
2061 1970.59 Block, print Design of leaves and flowers.
2062 1970.61.1 Statue Male; carved. Has a gold-colored chain around his waist and silver-colored ankle bracelents, one on each ankle. The ears have been pierced to accommodate earrings. Color: BR
2063 1970.61.2 Statue Female; carved. Has gold-colored bracelets and detachable belt. She has been given real hair and wears an elaborate bead headdress and bead necklace as well as earrrings and a ring of beads through her nose. Beads are mostly white with a few being orange and blue. Color: BR,WH,OR,BL
2064 1970.61.3 Statue Female; hand-carved. Has gold-colored bracelets and belt as well as ankle bracelets (two on the left ankle, one on the right). Her real hair is braided and she wears an elaborate headdress of blue beads and a necklace of the same. Has a bead ring through one nostril. Color: BR,BL
2065 1970.61.4 Figurine, animal Original. Ganesa. Consists of a four-armed human figure in a sitting position with the head of an elephant.
2066 1970.61.5 Figurine Man kneeling. Original. Has long braided hair and seems to have a bird perched on his head.
2067 1970.61.6 Figurine Original. Woman, standing; square base.
2068 1970.74.0378F Sherd, pottery In glass fronted frame.
2069 1970.74.1618M Stone Stone chips. Various rock types - flint, chert, agate, micrite, jasper, chalcedony.
2070 1970.76.0089 Basket Braided.
2071 1970.78.1.0001 Bowl Ceremonial masato bowl with a bird head handle. Round with covered top. Small hole around top and handle. Faded white design extends from handle toward bottom (4"). Color: BR-OR,WH Pottery in the Achuar culture is made by women and accounts for approximately 21% of the cultural income. Pottery has a functional use and is often made to serve as cooking and eating vessels. 1970.78.1.0001 (Bowl) image
2072 1970.78.10.1 Skirt Thick handwoven dark pink skirt material with blue vertically striped design. Color: PK,BL
2073 1970.78.10.10 Headdress This headdress has ivory feathers forming a three quarter fan around the band made from vine. There are black, blue, purple, yellow, and red macaw feathers that have been cut to be the same length at the base of the ivory king vulture feathers. The vines are wrapped in white, bright pink, and dark gray string and form a pattern that runs along the base of the feathers and ends with alternating stripes of gray to pink to gray to white along the featherless side of the headdress' band. When worn, the feathers will stand straight up because of the way they have been attached to the vine. Crafting headdresses is a male craft among the Cashinahuans. Though women do know about the art, when interviewed around men they pretend to be ignorant. This headdress is classified among the Cashinahuans as "dani maiti" which titles it as a "body hair" or "body feather" headdress ("maiti" means "headdress" and "dani" means "body"). The name of the headdress is further changed to detail what kind of feather or hair was used in the making. This particular headdress was made with the body feathers from a King Vulture and decorated with Macaw feathers cut to be the same length. Because the Macaw feathers were cut, it is difficult to distinguish where on the Macaw the feathers originated, though it is common among the Cashinahuan men to use small feathers from areas like the legs, neck, and under-wing. The dani maiti are made by tying the base of the body feathers to a strip of vine that has been cut and prepared with "bui"- a native mixture of wild rubber, chicle, and beeswax. There may be up to four flattened strips of vine, but only one of them will have the bui on it. Feathers are tied to the strip of vine in bunches of up to six feathers tied about 1cm apart from each other. Doing this enables the headdress to have volume because the feathers are often overlapping. When all the feathers that will be added to the strip are tied on it, the headdress is tied together with cotton and waxed string forming a circle that will fit upon the man's head. In this case, as is occasionally seen, the vine has been covered in a patterned design created by wrapping cotton string around it. It is very rare to see headdresses made with this kind of feather as normally they are crafted with feathers from a trumpeter bird, a white heron, or a wild turkey. Dani maiti are crafted by men, often for their sons, for ceremonial events. Such events include "kacha nawa" (fertility ceremonies), "nishpu pi" (initiation rites), and "chidin" (the headman's ceremony). 1970.78.10.10 (Headdress) image
2074 1970.78.10.11 Headdress This headdress has one tier of harpy eagle body feathers forming a three quarter fan around the band made from vine. There is a second tier of black macaw feathers and a third tier of blue, yellow, and red macaw feathers that are cut to be the same length that follow the same three quarter path as the harpy feathers. The feathers are held into place by the vines and the vines are wrapped in white, bright pink, and dark gray string that forms a pattern that runs along the base of the feathers and ends with the white cotton string wrapping around two thirds of the proper right side of the featherless band and the pink and white cotton string wrapping around the proper left third of the featherless side of the band. When worn, the feathers will loosely stand straight because of the way they have been attached to the vine. The vines are visible in spaces where the white cotton was wrapped sparingly on the featherless side of the band. Crafting headdresses is a male craft among the Cashinahuans. Though women do know about the art, when interviewed around men they pretend to be ignorant. This headdress is classified among the Cashinahuans as "dani maiti" which titles it as a "body hair" or "body feather" headdress ("maiti" means "headdress" and "dani" means "body feather" or "body hair"). The name of the headdress is further changed to detail what kind of feather or hair was used in the making. Because this particular headdress was made with body feathers from the harpy eagle, it is classified as "nawan tete dani maiti" ("harpy eagle body feather headdress"). Commonly among dani maiti, macaw feathers are added as decorative second tier, because the macaw feathers were cut to be the same length, it is difficult to distinguish where on the macaw the feathers originated, though it is common among the Cashinahuan men to use small feathers from areas like the legs, neck, and under-wing. The dani maiti are made by tying the base of the body feathers to a strip of vine that has been cut and prepared with "bui"- a native mixture of wild rubber, chicle, and beeswax. There may be up to four flattened strips of vine, but only one of them will have the bui on it. Feathers are tied to the strip of vine in bunches of up to six feathers tied about 1cm apart from each other. Doing this enables the headdress to have volume because the feathers are often overlapping. When all the feathers that will be added to the strip are tied on it, the headdress is tied together with cotton and waxed string forming a circle that will fit upon the man's head. In this case, as is occasionally seen, the vine has been covered in a patterned design created by wrapping cotton string around it. Dani maiti are crafted by men, often for their sons, for ceremonial events. Such events include "kacha nawa" (fertility ceremonies), "nishpu pi" (initiation rites), and "chidin" (the headman's ceremony). 1970.78.10.11 (Headdress) image
2075 1970.78.10.12 Headdress This headdress has a band of yellow macaw wing feathers that fan out to create a three quarter crown around the band. Some of the feathers have shades of brown and black present on them as well. There is a second tier of trumpeter bird breast feathers that are black and a third tier of macaw body feathers that yellow and red, all of which are cut to be the same length. The vine is covered in the front by a woven pattern that is blue and white. The back of the headdress shows that the feathers were attached to a loose string of cotton from the woven pattern covering the vine by bending the barb and tying them in place. They are held to the vine by white cotton string that has been covered in "bui"- a native mixture made of wild rubber, chicle, and beeswax. This allows the feathers to be flexible and move with the wearer and fold down upon themselves. There is a thin, white cotton string that runs from the beginning of the fan of feathers on the proper left (if looking from the front) through the middle of the yellow macaw feathers and ends at the last feathers on the proper right. This allows the feathers to move in unison. The featherless base of the band is wrapped in the same white cotton string that forms the pattern covering the second and third tiers of feathers. Crafting headdresses is a male craft among the Cashinahuans. Though women do know about the art, when interviewed around men they pretend to be ignorant. This headdress is classified among the Cashinahuans as "pei maiti kuin" which titles it as a "real wing feather" headdress ("maiti" translates to "headdress", "pei" translates to "wing", and "kuin" to "real"). These types of headdress are further classified depending on their flexibility. This headdress is considered "babui" or "flexible". It is designed so that the feathers form a floppy brim instead of standing straight out. Pei maiti kuin are crafted by men, often for their sons, for ceremonial events. Such events include "kacha nawa" (fertility ceremonies), "nishpu pi" (initiation rites), and "chidin" (the headman's ceremony). 1970.78.10.12 (Headdress) image
2076 1970.78.10.13 Headdress This particular headdress was made using the body feathers of a trumpeter bird. The trumpeter bird body feathers form a three quarter fan around the band of the headdress that is crafted from vines and wrapped in a woven cotton pattern with pink, white, and blue-gray patterns. The featherless section of the band shows all of the cotton strings wound around the end and fastened together. Some of the black trumpeter bird body feathers have colourful macaw tail and body feathers attached to the tip of them using the native mixture of "bui". There are also a few harpy eagle body feathers woven into the feathers throughout the three quarter fan. Crafting headdresses is a male craft among the Cashinahuans. Though women do know about the art, when interviewed around men they pretend to be ignorant. This headdress is classified among the Cashinahuans as "dani maiti" which titles it as a "body hair" or "body feather" headdress ("maiti" means "headdress" and "dani" means "body"). The name of the headdress is further changed to detail what kind of feather or hair was used in the making. The dani maiti are made by tying the base of the body feathers to a strip of vine that has been cut and prepared with "bui"- a native mixture of wild rubber, chicle, and beeswax. There may be up to four flattened strips of vine, but only one of them will have the bui on it. Feathers are tied to the strip of vine in bunches of up to six feathers tied about 1cm apart from each other. Doing this enables the headdress to have volume because the feathers are often overlapping. When all the feathers that will be added to the strip are tied on it, the headdress is tied together with cotton and waxed string forming a circle that will fit upon the man's head. In this case, as is occasionally seen, the vine has been covered in a patterned design created by wrapping cotton string around it. Dani maiti are crafted by men, often for their sons, for ceremonial events. Such events include "kacha nawa" (fertility ceremonies), "nishpu pi" (initiation rites), and "chidin" (the headman's ceremony). 1970.78.10.13 (Headdress) image
2077 1970.78.10.6 Chisel Piece of palm bark with alternating black and red sting wrapped around it following the a mirrored pattern starting at both ends meeting in the middle where there is a solid chunk of white string. On the black portions there is razor grass that has an orange tint (either from age, dye, or reaction to string dye). There is an Agouti tooth attached by placing it in a split section of the wood and wrapped around with string and razor grass. These chisels are called "madi xeta nupe" among the Cashinahua and it means "agouti tooth knife". Chisels wrapped in string are often used for ceremonies, but that does not necessarily mean that they are well-crafted or sacred. A madi xeta nupe may be reused for many other ceremonies, only used once and thrown away, or used in daily life for working with wood after the ceremony. The colors on the chisel are commonly found in the culture because the dyes are easily made with the resources found in culture. Though never stated explicitly, there could be importance behind the colors. Red: ambivalence, war, blood. Black: death, infertility, impurity. White: power, purity, harmony. 1970.78.10.6 (Chisel) image
2078 1970.78.10.7 Collar Wide, handwoven neckband. Top and bottom are lined with beads, seeds, and teeth. All the teeth are ocelot teeth from hunting. The more teeth on a neckband, the better hunter in the society. These are only made and worn by men. The colours alternate between green, white, and pink patterns. The top has an alternating pattern of one tooth separated by somewhere between two and five black beads. The bottom has an alternating pattern of one tooth separated by red and black seeds with two brown seed casings towards the outer edges. The collar ties in the back by string. the proper left side has three sets of strings; one on top, middle, and bottom. The proper right side has two sets of strings; top and middle. It appears to have been repaired at one point and restitched together with thread that does not match the rest of the piece along the middle where the middle ties lie. 1970.78.10.7 (Collar) image
2079 1970.78.10.9.1 Chambira Piece of chambira (rafia) and cord made from it. Chambira is a strong fiber harvested from the crown shaft of the canopy palm tree Astrocaryum chambira. It is commonly used in Central and South America to make string, rope, hammocks, bags, and other various craft items. Indigenous peoples twist the fibers into strings which are then woven into ropes and other objects. This sample of the chambira is from the Cashinahua area. This is a sampling that shows the progression of natural chambira to chambira rope with the natural on the proper right and the twisted rope on the proper left. Cardboard sheet has thirteen triangles cut out of the top to allow the wrapping of chambira around for storage. The sixth one is empty and the sheet has "MAAS BROTHERS" in the center. 1970.78.10.9.1 (Chambira) image
2080 1970.78.10.9.13 Chambira Piece of chambira (rafia) and cord made from it. Chambira is a strong fiber harvested from the crown shaft of the canopy palm tree Astrocaryum chambira. It is commonly used in Central and South America to make string, rope, hammocks, bags, and other various craft items. Indigenous peoples twist the fibers into strings which are then woven into ropes and other objects. This sample of the chambira is from the Cashinahua area. This comes from 1970.78.10.9.1 to show what the middle of the process looks like- it was taken from the sixth slot. 1970.78.10.9.13 (Chambira) image
2081 1970.78.11.0001 Drum Wooden, covered with wild pig skin. Pigskin attached to sticks curving around drum and secured with cord which runs between sticks holding drum head. Long cord to carry drum attached to top and bottom. Color: TN
2082 1970.78.11.0014 Pot Cooking pot. Color: BK 1970.78.11.0014 (Pot) image
2083 1970.78.11.10 Necklace Ten strands, black seeds. Necklaces like this one are worn by both men and women for everyday wear among the Machiguenga.
2084 1970.78.11.11 Bark Bark was chewed to cure dysentery by the Machiguengas.
2085 1970.78.11.12.1 Nose piece Small metal disk worn in the pierced septum mostly by women among the Machiguenga.
2086 1970.78.11.12.2 Purse, change Snap closure. Color: BK,SL
2087 1970.78.11.13 Necklace Small black seeds alternating with longer brown seeds on a necklace. Necklaces are worn by both men and women in everyday wear among the Machiguenga.
2088 1970.78.11.15 Necklace Six-eight black seeds then a pendant of 2 red and 1 black and then 6-8 black seeds. Necklaces are worn by both and women for everyday ornamentation among the Machiguenga.
2089 1970.78.11.16 Necklace Necklace made of two teeth, two knuckle bones, three finger bones, and pendants made of seeds and pods. Black seeds that have been cut in halves separate the pods and white job's tears make up the other half.
2090 1970.78.11.17 Necklace Four double strands, seeds and nuts. Seeds are mostly black, except for two white ones connected to each pod. The shells are hollowed out to create a jingle when worn. Seeds and nut shells are woven and tied onto chambira, a natural palm fiber that is native to the Amazon Rainforest, string that is woven and tied at the back of the neck.
2091 1970.78.11.18 Bag Handwoven, striped; used for storage of personal articles. Mostly tan with brown and black vertical stripes.
2092 1970.78.11.19 Bag Machiguengan handwoven bag made of chambira. The handle is woven with a dark brown geometrical design. Most likely used to carry resources in.
2093 1970.78.11.2 Tunic Horizontally striped, handwoven, woman's vest with clusters of seed coverings at the shoulders. Natural in color with stripes being brown. Color: TN,BR
2094 1970.78.11.20 Necklace Necklace is made with alternating seeds and teeth. Teeth all appear to be from an ocelot and the seeds are small and brown. Worn in everyday wear by both men and women.
2095 1970.78.11.21 Necklace White Job's Tears make up the strands. Two strings of seeds strung vertically and connected by white seeds attached horizontally to each strand. Both men and women wear necklaces for everyday decoration among the Machiguenga.
2096 1970.78.11.22 Belt White and brown and black seed pendants hang from woven belt and jingles when worn around the waist.
2097 1970.78.11.23 Necklace Multi strands of black seeds with bones, crab claws, nuts and teeth from the headwaters of the Amazon. Both men and women among the Machiguenga wear necklaces in everyday wear.
2098 1970.78.11.24 Headband Feather headband made and worn by the tribesmen of the Machiguenga tribe. Black feathers are woven into a natural cotton by bending the stem of the feathers down and through the weaving. The feathers take up one fifth of the band. The rest is simple cotton and double stranded. The headband is fastened by tying the two ends together on the side of the head.
2099 1970.78.11.25 Headband Feather headband made and worn by the tribesmen of the Machiguenga tribe. Black, red, and blue feathers are woven into a natural cotton by bending the stem of the feathers down and through the weaving. The feathers take up one third of the band. The rest is simple cotton and double stranded. The headband is fastened by tying the two ends together on the side of the head.
2100 1970.78.11.3A Stick, Firemaking Stick used to make fires. Partner to 1970.78.11.0003B. This used to be one stick but it was cut in half. The stick has a hollowed out portion that has been worn smooth from natural use and there is burnt residue from fire creation.
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